ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳

Professor Nicola Lacey

Professor Nicola Lacey

School Professor of Law, Gender and Social Policy

ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law School

Telephone
020-3486-2966
Room No
Cheng Kin Ku Building 6.11
Languages
English, French
Key Expertise
Criminal law & justice, feminist legal theory; biography, law & literature

About me

Nicola Lacey is School Professor of Law, Gender and Social Policy. From 1998 to 2010 she held a Chair in Criminal Law and Legal Theory at ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳; she returned to ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ in 2013 after spending three years as Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College, and Professor of Criminal Law and Legal Theory at the University of Oxford. She is also an Associate of the International Inequalities Institute at ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳, and sits on the Institute’s Steering Committee; an Affiliate of the Phelan US Centre, and sits on the Centre’s Advisory Board; and a member of the Editorial Board of the ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Public Policy Review. She has held a number of visiting appointments, most recently at Harvard Law School and at the Australian National University.  She is an Honorary Fellow of New College Oxford and of University College Oxford; a Fellow of the British Academy;  and from 2015-19 she was a member of the Board of Trustees of the British Museum. In 2011 she was awarded the Hans Sigrist Prize by the University of Bern for outstanding scholarship on the function of the rule of law in late modern societies and in 2017 she was awarded a CBE for services to Law, Justice and Gender Politics. In 2022 she was awarded the Law and Society Association’s International Prize.

Administrative support: Law.Reception@lse.ac.uk

ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Ratio Podcast episodes featuring Professor Lacey:
-- 'Death by Infected Blood: Examining the Infected Blood Inquiry' [  |  ]
-- 'The Right to Security in the Criminal Law' [  |  ]
-- 'Constitutionalism, Rights, and Protecting Courts from Political Capture '[  |  ]

Research interests

Nicola's research is in criminal law and criminal justice, with a particular focus on comparative and historical scholarship. Over the last few years, she has been working on the development of ideas of criminal responsibility in England since the 18th Century, and on the comparative political economy of punishment. In addition to her independent work in these fields, she is currently working with David Soskice (ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳) on American Exceptionalism in crime, punishment, and social policy; and with Hanna Pickard (John Hopkins) on how criminal justice institutions may be designed so as to hold offenders responsible without engaging in stigmatising blame. Nicola also has research interests in legal and social theory, in feminist analysis of law, in law and literature, and in biography. She is convenor of the Socio-Legal Studies Research Hub.

Teaching

Public engagement

  • 12/11/24 ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Ratio Podcast: 'Death by Infected Blood: Examining the Infected Blood Inquiry' [  |  ]
  • 22/10/24 ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Ratio Podcast 'The Right to Security in the Criminal Law' [  |  ]
  • 01/10/24 ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Ratio Podcast 'Constitutionalism, Rights, and Protecting Courts from Political Capture '[  |  ]
  • 10/05/21  LSE Phelan US Centre Blog
  • 20/04/20  (New Books Network, podcast)
  • 6/11/17 
  • 26/10/17 Professor Lacey's lecture  This lecture was given as part of the  series at the British Academy.
  • 21/09/16 
  • 01/02/14 Philosophy Bites Podcast 
  • 01/02/14 Philosophy Bites Podcast  
  • 25/10/13 
  • See also 

Books

Estudios críticos sobre responsabilidad penal y política criminal comparada (Marcial Pons 2021)

 


 

Tracing the Relationship between Inequality, Crime and Punishment: Space, Time and Politics (Oxford University Press, 2021) (edited by Nicola Lacey, David Soskice, Leonidas Cheliotis, and Sappho Xenakis)

The question of inequality has moved decisively to the top of the contemporary intellectual agenda. Going beyond Thomas Piketty's focus on wealth, increasing inequalities of various kinds, and their impact on social, political and economic life, now present themselves among the most urgent issues facing scholars in the humanities and the social sciences. Key among these is the relationship between inequality, crime and punishment. The propositions that social inequality shapes crime and punishment, and that crime and punishment themselves cause or exacerbate inequality, are conventional wisdom. Yet, paradoxically, they are also controversial.

In this volume, historians, criminologists, lawyers, sociologists and political scientists come together to try to solve this paradox by unpacking these relationships in different contexts. The causal mechanisms underlying these correlations call for investigation by means of a sustained programme of research bringing different disciplines to bear on the problem. This volume develops an interdisciplinary approach which builds on but goes beyond recent comparative and historical research on the institutional, cultural and political-economic factors shaping crime and punishment so as better to understand whether, and if so how and why, social and economic inequality influences levels and types of crime and punishment, and conversely whether crime and punishment shape inequalities.

 


 

In Search of Criminal Responsibility: Ideas, Interests and Institutions (Oxford University Press, 2016)

What makes someone responsible for a crime and therefore liable to punishment under the criminal law? Modern lawyers will quickly and easily point to the criminal law's requirement of concurrent actus reus and mens rea, doctrines of the criminal law which ensure that someone will only be found criminally responsible if they have committed criminal conduct while possessing capacities of understanding, awareness, and self-control at the time of offense. Any notion of criminal responsibility based on the character of the offender, meaning an implication of criminality based on reputation or the assumed disposition of the person, would seem to today's criminal lawyer a relic of the 18th Century. In this volume, Nicola Lacey demonstrates that the practice of character-based patterns of attribution was not laid to rest in 18th Century criminal law, but is alive and well in contemporary English criminal responsibility-attribution.

 


 

Women, Crime and Character: From Moll Flanders to Tess of the d'Urbervilles(Oxford University Press 2008) (The Clarendon Law Lectures)

In the early 18th Century, Daniel Defoe found it natural to write a novel whose heroine was a sexually adventurous, socially marginal property offender. Only half a century later, this would have been next to unthinkable. Lacey explores the disappearance of Moll, and her supercession in the annals of literary female offenders by heroines like Tess, serving as a metaphor for fundamental changes in ideas of selfhood, gender and social order in 18th and 19th Century England. Drawing on law, literature, philosophy and social history, she argues that these broad changes underpinned a radical shift in mechanisms of responsibility-attribution, with decisive implications for the criminalisation of women.


 

The Prisoners' Dilemma Political Economy and Punishment in Contemporary Democracies (CUP 2008) (The Hamlyn Lectures)

Over the last two decades, and in the wake of increases in recorded crime and other social changes, British criminal justice policy has become increasingly politicised as an index of governments’ competence. New and worrying developments, such as the inexorable rise of the US prison population and the rising force of penal severity, seem unstoppable in the face of popular anxiety about crime. But is this inevitable? Nicola Lacey argues that harsh ‘penal populism’ is not the inevitable fate of all contemporary democracies. Notwithstanding a degree of convergence, globalisation has left many of the key institutional differences between national systems intact, and these help to explain the striking differences in the capacity for penal tolerance in otherwise relatively similar societies. Only by understanding the institutional preconditions for a tolerant criminal justice system can we think clearly about the possible options for reform within particular systems. 


 

A Life of HLA Hart: The Nightmare and the Noble Dream (OUP 2004) (Winner of the RSA’s Swiney Prize 2004 and shortlisted for the James Tait Black Prize for Biography and for the British Academy Book Prize.)

An intellectual and psychological biography of the famous legal philosopher, HLA Hart. Winner of the RSA’s Swiney Prize 2004 and shortlisted for the James Tait Black Prize for Biography and for the British Academy Book Prize.

 


 

Regulating Law edited by Christine Parker, Colin Scott, Nicola Lacey and John Braithwaite (edited collection including introduction co-authored with the other editors) (OUP 2004)

A collaborative project across ANU RegNet and ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳: socio-legal essays developing the methodology of Hugh Collins’ Regulating Contracts across a range of common law fields.


 

Reconstructing Criminal Law (3rd Edition) Nicola Lacey, Celia Wells, Oliver Quick  (Law in Context Series, 1990; second edition with Celia Wells, Butterworths 1998; third edition with Celia Wells and Oliver Quick, Cambridge University Press 2003.)

Reconstructing Criminal Law provides a radical and stimulating alternative to the standard black letter criminal law text. The authors analyse central aspects of criminal law in the context of the assumptions surrounding it, and employ a number of critical approaches, including a feminist perspective to give insights into the current state of the law. A comprehensive resource - it contains extracts that cover a wide range of materials from historical, political, sociological and philosophical sources and discusses offences considered to be at the margins of criminal law. It also offers an important practical element whereby students and teachers can attempt to answer the questions that the criminal justice system confronts on a daily basis.


 

Unspeakable subjects : Feminist Essays in Legal and Social Theory  (Hart Publishing, 1998)

Nicola Lacey’s book presents a feminist critique of law based on an analysis of the ways in which the very structure or method of modern law is gendered. All of the essays in the book therefore engage at some level with the question of whether there are things of a general nature to be said about what might be called the sex or gender of law. Ranging across fields including criminal law, public law and anti-discrimination law, the essays examine the conceptual framework of modern legal practices: the legal conception of the subject as an individual; the concepts of equality, freedom, justice and rights; and the legal construction of public and private realms and of the relations between individual, state and community. They also reflect upon the deployment of law as a means of furthering feminist ethical and political values. At a more general level, the essays contemplate the relationship between feminist and other critical approaches to legal theory; the relationship between the ideas underlying feminist legal theory and those informing contemporary developments in social and political theory; and the nature of the relationship between feminist legal theories and feminist legal politics.


 

The Politics of Community: A Feminist Analysis of the Liberal-Communitarian Debate, Nicola Lacey, Elizabeth Frazer (Harvester Wheatsheaf/University of Toronto Press, 1993)


 

State Punishment: Political Principles and Community Values (Routledge, 1988)


 

Criminal Justice: A Reader, Oxford University Press 1994 (edited collection: original introduction, pp. 1-36)

Articles

  • 'The diversification of jurisprudence?  Intellectual history seen through the lens of a friendship.' The Morality in Law (OUP) (forthcoming)
  •  Modern Law Review (2025) 88 (1) 3-32
  • in Modern Criminal Law Review (2024) 1:1 special issue (Lacey, ed.)
  • ‘Patrick Devlin, The Enforcement of Morals (1965)’, in Lindsay Farmer and Chloe Kennedy (eds.) Leading Works in Criminal Law (Routledge 2023) pp. 82-112.
  • (2022) International Inequalities Institute Working Papers (84). London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
  • ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law School Working Paper Series 1/2022 
  • 'Getting Proportionality in Perspective: Philosophy, History and Institutions' 50 Crime and Justice (ed. Michael Tonry) []
  • With Hanna Pickard, (2021) 104 The Monist 265-280
  • (2020) International Journal of Law in Context 1-5  
  • (2020) Criminal Law and Philosophy (14) 307-18
  • 'Tracing the Links between Crime, Punishment and Inequality: A Challenge for the Social Sciencess' in Lacey, Soskice, L. Cheliotis and S. Xenakis (eds.) Tracing the Relationship between Crime, Punishment and Inequality: Space, Time, and Politics (Oxford University Press 2020) pp. 1-21 (with David Soskice)
  • ‘American Exceptionalism in Inequality and Poverty: A (Tentative) Historical Explanation’ in Lacey, Soskice, L. Cheliotis and S. Xenakis (eds.) Tracing the Relationship between Crime, Punishment and Inequality: Space, Time, and Politics (Oxford University Press 2020) pp. 41-67 (with David Soskice)
  • ‘Gamblers and Gentlefolk: Money, Law and Status in Trollope’s England’ in Martha Nussbaum, Alison Lacroix and Saul Levmore,  Power, Prose and Purse (Oxford University Press 2019)  pp.51-77
  • ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Working Paper Series 16/2019 (with David Soskice)
  • ‘American Exceptionalism in Crime, Punishment, and Disadvantage: Race, Federalization, and Politicization in the Perspective of Local Autonomy’ in Kevin R. Reitz (ed.) American Exceptionalism In Crime and Punishment (Oxford University Press 2018) pp. 53-101 (with David Soskice) 
  • 'Women, Crime and Character in the Twentieth Century' Journal of the British Academy (forthcoming 2018)
  • ‘Comparing Serious Violent Crime in the United States and England and Wales: Why it Matters, and How It Can be Done’,  in Kevin R. Reitz (ed.)  American Exceptionalism in Crime and Punishment (Oxford University Press 2018) pp. 332-365 (with Zelia Gallo and David Soskice)
  • 'A Dual-Process Approach to Criminal Law: Victims and the Clinical Model of Responsibility without Blame' Journal of Political Philosophy (forthcoming 2018) (with Hanna Pickard)
  • Annual Review of Criminology (2018) 1:22.1–22.23 (with David Soskice and David Hope)
  • review of Lindsay Farmer's Making the Modern Criminal Law (Oxford University Press 2016), New Criminal Law Review (forthcoming 2017)
  • : Response to symposium on my In Search of Criminal Responsibility Critical Analysis of Law 4 (2) (2017)  ()
  • 'Criminalization: historical, legal and criminological perspectives', in Alison Liebling, Shadd Maruna and Lesley McAra (eds.), (6th edition 2017) 57-76 (with Lucia Zedner)
  • J. Law & Soc. 2017, 44(2), 283-296
  • Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie (2016), 64 (2) pp.258-72
  •  (2016) 99 (3) Marquette Law Review 541-57
  • ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Law Society and Economy Working Paper Series, 03-2016
  • Journal of Law and Society (2016) 43 (1) pp.27-44
  • Oxford Journal of Legal Studies (2015)
  • 'Punishment & Society 2015, Vol. 17(4) 454-481 (with David Soskice). See also  A short video for the US Centre on US Criminal Justice [] []
  • ' 101 Virginia Law Review (2015) 919-45
  • 'Oxford Journal of Legal Studies (2015) (with Hanna Pickard)
  • 'Modern Law Review(2015) 78(2) pp.216-240 (with Hanna Pickard)
  • Ashworth and Lucia Zedner (Oxford University Press, 2014) British Journal of Criminology (2015)
  • Transnational Legal Theory (2014) 5 (4), pp.596-600
  •  ÐÓ°ÉÂÛ̳ Legal Studies Working Papers no. 16/2014 (with Zelia Gallo and David Soskice)
  • 'Community, Culture and Criminalization’, in Will Kymlicka, Claes Lernestedt and Matt Matravers (eds.) (OUP 2014) 47-66
  • ' 127 Harvard Law Review (2013) 636-51
  • 'What constitutes criminal law?', in R.A Duff, L. Farmer, S. Marshall, M. Renzo and V. Tadros (eds.)  (Oxford University Press 2013) pp. 12-29
  • ' (2014) 24 Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law pp.501-527
  • 'Justice redefined - or justice diluted?' Family Law 2014 44 (May) pp.593-595  
  • Punishment and Society, October 2013 vol. 15 no. 4 pp.349-366
  •  (2013) Law Society Economy Working Papers no. 11 (with David Soskice)
  •  (2013) 4(1) Jurisprudence 1-19
  •  (2013) 126:5 Harvard Law Review 1299-1324 (review article)
  • ‘Could He Forgive Her? Gender, Agency and Women’s Criminality in the Novels of Anthony Trollope’, in Martha C. Nussbaum and Alison Lacroix (eds.), Subversion and Sympathy: Gender, Law and the British Novel (Oxford University Press 2013) pp. 176-204
  • ' (2012) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 33 (1): 1-29. (with Hanna Pickard)
  • Current Legal Problems 2012 65 (1) pp.203-239.
  • 'Punishment in the Perspective of Comparative Political Economy' ('Bestrafung in der Perspektive der Komparativen Politischen Ökonomie') 44 Kriminologische Journal (2012) 9-31
  • 'Punishment, (Neo)Liberalism and Social Democracy' in Jonathan Simon and Richard Sparks (eds.) The Sage Handbook of Punishment and Society (Sage Publishing 2012) pp. 260-280
  • 'Principles, Policies and Politics of Criminal Law' in Julian Roberts and Lucia Zedner (eds.), Principles and Values in Criminal Law and Criminal Justice (Oxford University Press 2012) pp. 19-35
  • With Lucia Zedner, ‘Legal Constructions of Crime' in M Maguire, R Morgan, and R Reiner, The Oxford Handbook of Criminology (5th edn, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2012) pp.159-81.
  • 'The Way We Lived Then: The Legal Profession and the Nineteenth Century Novel’, 33 Sydney Law Review (2011) 599-621
  • 'Community, Culture and Criminalisation' in Crime, Punishment and Responsibility: The Jurisprudence of Antony Duff, edited by Rowan Cruft, Matthew H. Kramer and Mark R. Reiff, (Oxford University Press 2011) pp. 292-310.
  • 'The Prisoner’s Dilemma and Political Systems: The Impact of Proportional Representation on Criminal Justice in New Zealand' (2011) Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 1-23