杏吧论坛

Dr Lloyd Gruber CON.6.03

This course is available on the Double Master of Public Administration (杏吧论坛-University of Toronto), MPA Dual Degree (杏吧论坛 and Columbia), MPA Dual Degree (杏吧论坛 and Hertie), MPA Dual Degree (杏吧论坛 and NUS), MPA Dual Degree (杏吧论坛 and Sciences Po), MPA Dual Degree (杏吧论坛 and Tokyo), MSc in Development Studies, Master of Public Administration and Master of Public Policy. This course is available with permission as an outside option to students on other programmes where regulations permit.

This half-unit MT course explores why governments and organisations pursue the development policies they do.  Whenever experts get together to debate development policy, attention usually focuses on what all the relevant actors should be doing:  Which policies should the leaders of developing countries be adopting (or discarding) to stimulate growth and reduce poverty?  What new trade or aid strategies should policymakers in the industrialised world be implementing to help poorer countries develop?  What should world leaders be doing to address climate change?  In practice, however, people in positions of power do not always pursue the policy agendas that well-intentioned development experts say they should.  Rather than let this be a source of frustration, students who take this course will come away with a deeper understanding of the political incentives that drive development forward, or sometimes backwards, in the real world.  Attention will focus on the political pressures that motivate and constrain development policymakers at all levels of government - local, national and global - and across all sectors of the economy - public, private and non-profit.  Students will be exposed to a wide variety of political economy concepts along the way.  There will also be opportunities for students to apply these concepts to concrete cases of development management and mis-management, e.g. do international organisations such as the World Bank, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization really benefit all countries, or just wealthy ones?  Why have inclusive democratic institutions taken root in some developing countries but not in others?  Are the world's poorer nations stuck with a global balance of power that favours wealthier nations, or is China's rise a global game-changer?  If you are curious about the larger political forces driving some developing countries ahead while others stagnate or decline - and you want more experience putting cutting-edge political economy theories to work in solving current development problems - this course is for you.

This course is delivered through a combination of lectures and seminars totalling a minimum of 30 hours across Michaelmas Term.  This year teaching will be delivered through a combination of online lectures with seminars taking place in person where possible and where conditions allow.

Every student will deliver one practice presentation during the first few weeks of the course.  Students can expect detailed feedback on the substance of these presentations as well as their delivery (presentations will be videoed where possible).  Each student will also be invited to submit an individually-authored policy memo on one of two different questions distributed in week 2.  These memos will be handed back - with comments - shortly thereafter.  

1. Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can be Done About It (Oxford, 2007)
2. Laurie Garrett, 'Ebola's Lessons: How the WHO Mishandled the Crisis', Foreign Affairs, vol 94, no. 5 (2015), pp. 80-107
3. Lloyd Gruber, Ruling the World: Power Politics and the Rise of Supranational Institutions (Princeton, 2000)
4. Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson, Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty (New York: Crown Publishers, 2012).
5. Robert Wade, Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization (Princeton, 2003)
6. Martha Finnemore and Judith Goldstein, eds., Back to Basics: State Power in a Contemporary World (Oxford, 2013)
7. Lloyd Gruber and Stephen Kosack, "The Tertiary Tilt: Education and Inequality in the Developing World", World Development 54 (2014) pp 253-272

Presentation (20%) and policy memo (20%) in the MT.
Take-home assessment (60%) in the LT.

All students will be required to take part in a Development Policy Application (DPA) project stretching over several weeks of the course.  A specific – and current – issue of major importance to developing countries will be introduced in the first week of this exercise.  Each student will then be asked to prepare an individually-authored policy memo on the topic.  This memo will be worth 20% of the overall course mark.

In the second part of the exercise, students will be randomly assigned into small groups and begin preparing a jointly-delivered oral presentation outlining and defending their group’s preferred policy.  These presentations will take place towards the end of the term and will count for a further 20% of the overall course mark.

The take-home timed assessment is administered via Moodle on a nominated day during week 0 of Lent Term.  Students will have a 12-hour window (from 09.00-21.00 GMT) within which to access the assessment questions and complete the assessment.  Once they have logged into Moodle and downloaded the assessment questions, students will have 2 hours and 30 minutes to prepare and upload their answers.  The exercise will encourage students to think creatively about the ideas and arguments presented in the course and will include at least one short essay question.  No outside research will be required. This last component of the assessment will count for 60% of the student's overall course mark.

Some departments have produced short videos to introduce their courses. Please refer to the course selection videos index page for further information.